Esthetic Veneers: Lessons from a Seven-Year Recall

April 29, 2024
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Justin Chi, DDS, CDT
Esthetic Veneers: Lessons from a Seven-Year Recall

When this patient presented for a smile makeover more than seven years ago, monolithic zirconia restorations were known more for strength than beauty. In addition to concerns about the esthetic results, few doctors had adopted zirconia for esthetic veneers because of a lack of confidence in the reliability of the bond of zirconia to tooth structure. But two developments convinced me to use zirconia for this case: 1) the introduction of BruxZir® Esthetic Zirconia and the excellent results I had already experienced with this next-generation material, and 2) recent studies showing a highly reliable bonding protocol.1

I am pleased to report that, after a recent seven-year recall, the patient’s veneers are in great condition, and she continues to be delighted with the improvement we made in her smile. Let’s review this case and the procedures that made this long-lasting result possible.

Figure 1a: 41-year-old female presented with worn c maxillary anterior teeth
Figure 1b

Figures 1a, 1b: A 41-year-old female presented with the chief complaint of worn and unesthetic maxillary anterior teeth. She also wanted to correct the diastema between teeth #5 & #6. To get an idea of what we could achieve, as well as possible limitations, I created a Diagnostic Wax-Up with the patient’s ideal smile in mind. It’s important for us to be able to transition from the wax-up to the final as closely as possible — or, at the very least, have the patient preview what the final smile could look like. To do that, I created a putty matrix from the wax-up. I then applied some bis-acryl material and seated it on the patient as a mockup for a trial fit.

Figure 2a
Figure 2b
Figure 2c

Figures 2a–2c: After the patient’s approval, I prepared the teeth directly through the bis-acryl mockup. In doing so, I was able to ensure the final restorations had the appropriate material thickness while reducing tooth structure only in the required areas.

Figure 3a
Figure 3b

Figures 3a, 3b: Seven years ago, when I did this case, I still did some impressions using VPS material. If I were doing it now, I would be confident in using a digital impression for better accuracy as well as the patient’s improved comfort. When the lab delivered the veneers, I conducted a final check and made adjustments as needed on the model. I was then ready to bond the veneers to the preparations.

Figure 4a
Figure 4b

Figures 4a, 4b: I cleaned the preparations with a prophy cup and pumice paste at a slow speed of about 2,000–3,000 rpm. I then used a total etch technique, first etching the preps with 37% phosphoric acid. Once the teeth were etched, a thin layer of GLUMA® Desensitizer PowerGel (Kulzer; Hanau, Germany) was used as a desensitizing and antimicrobial agent. I allowed the GLUMA to soak into the teeth for at least a minute and removed any excess with a dry microbrush. I then scrubbed a layer of 3M™ Scotchbond™ Universal Plus Adhesive (3M; Maplewood, Minn.) for at least 20 seconds per tooth to ensure the resin monomers effectively infiltrated any exposed dentinal tubules and the enamel matrix.

Figure 5a
Figure 5b

Figures 5a, 5b: After I tried them in, we prepared the zirconia veneers for bonding. The veneers had already been air abraded with aluminum oxide at the lab. To ensure a pristine surface for bonding, I scrubbed Ivoclean (Ivoclar Vivadent; Amherst, N.Y.) for 20 seconds on the intaglio surface of each veneer to remove any salivary phosphates that may have adhered during try-in. I then used Monobond® Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent), which is an MDP-containing primer with a special coupling agent needed to bond zirconia restorations to resin. I then seated each restoration with Kerr’s NX3 Nexus™ Third Generation (Kerr Corporation; Brea, Calif.). I prefer this cement for its handling properties. Since it’s a light-cured cement, it offers greater working time and allowed me to seat all restorations at the same time. When all the veneers were in place, I used orange wood sticks on the facial and incisal to ensure they were fully seated against the preparations. Once seated, I tack-cured along the margins to hold the veneers in place and allow for easy removal of the gelled cement.

Figure 6a
Figure 6b

Figures 6a, 6b: With proper planning and the Diagnostic Wax-Up, transitioning from patient acceptance to preparation and final restorations can be done seamlessly. The final BruxZir Esthetic veneers created a fuller, more youthful smile that made the patient extremely happy.

SEVEN-YEAR RECALL APPOINTMENT

After seven years, I wanted to more closely examine the veneers and determine how they had held up over time. Specifically, I wanted to analyze the integrity of the bond, potential wear on opposing teeth, possible discoloration of the restorations and whether the patient was still fully satisfied.

Figure 7a
Figure 7b

Figures 7a, 7b: After seven years, the patient’s veneers remain securely bonded. I found no discoloration or chips in the veneers. Before treatment, this patient’s teeth were subject to erosion and chipping. The BruxZir Esthetic veneers prevented further damage.

Figure 8

Figure 8: The bonding protocol used is predictable and produced long-lasting results. Some labs send the restoration already air abraded — be sure to check with your lab.

Figure 9a
Figure 9b

Figures 9a, 9b: Despite the strength of the BruxZir Esthetic material, I found no wear on the patient’s opposing dentition. This is consistent with Caries Risk Assessment (CRA) findings showing that the opposing arches suffer consistently lower abrasion from zirconia than other materials, like PFM.

The bonding protocol used is predictable and produced long-lasting results. 
Figure 10

Figure 10: The patient continues to love her smile makeover. By achieving the smile she had always dreamed of, the patient found renewed interest in improving her overall health. Every time I see her, she relays how many compliments she gets on her smile.

I finally have the smile I’ve always wanted.
– Bobbie N., BruxZir Esthetic Patient

CONCLUSION

In this case, BruxZir Zirconia veneers have proven to be a strong and highly esthetic restorative design. In addition, the bonding protocol described withstood the rigors of the oral cavity for seven years.

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Reference

  1. Blatz MB. Conejo J. Cementation and bonding of zirconia restorations. Compendium. 2018 Oct;39(4).